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Objective To investigate the changes and characteristics of body mass index (BMI) of low birth weight infants during catch-up growth within 24 months of life. Methods Using the birth cohort method, 126 low birth weight children (birth weight less than 2 500 g) among the registered and permanent born in Jiading District from January 2016 to December 2016, were enrolled in the study voluntarily.According to the calculation of birth weight and gestational week, 73 children were included in the preterm appropriate for gestational age group and 53 in the full-term small for gestational age group.105 children with gestational age of 37-41 weeks and birth weight of 2 500-3 999 g were included as the control group.The differences of BMI mean and standard deviation were compared between 0-24 months old in three groups, and the changes of BMI curve analyzed between 0-24 months old in boys and girls. Results ① There were 231 infants investigated, who were composed by 111 boys and 120 girls; ② The BMI of the two groups of low birth weight infants at birth and at 2 months old were lower than those of the control group.There was no significant difference between the BMI of preterm appropriate for gestational age group and the control group since the age of 4 months.The BMI of the term small for gestational age group was less than the other two groups between 4 and 18 months of age, the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05);③ The BMI index of the three groups showed a rapid rise after birth.It peaked at 4-6 months of age, and the BMI value of 7-9 months of age began to fall.Preterm appropriate for gestational age group infants caught up with the BMI of normal-weight infants at 6 months of age.Until the age of 24 months, the BMI of small for gestational age group was still different from normal weight infants, but the difference between the three groups decreased.The rising curves of BMI between boys and girls were similar, but the peak of preterm appropriate for gestational age group girls was lengthened. Conclusion There is a significant catch-up growth for low birth weight infants aged 0-24 months, having a similar trend of normal infants in the late stage.It is necessary to deliver proper breeding education and intervention to the low birth weight infants in their early stages.
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BACKGROUND: Eugenol is an economically favorable substrate for the microbial biotransformation of aromatic compounds. Coniferyl aldehyde is one kind of aromatic compound that is widely used in condiment and medical industries; it is also an important raw material for producing other valuable products such as vanillin and protocatechuic acid. However, in most eugenol biotransformation processes, only a trace amount of coniferyl aldehyde is detected, thus making these processes economically unattractive. As a result, an investigation of new strains with the capability of producing more coniferyl aldehyde from eugenol is required. RESULTS: We screened a novel strain of Gibberella fujikuroi, labeled as ZH-34, which was capable of transforming eugenol to coniferyl aldehyde. The metabolic pathway was analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatographymass spectrometry and transformation kinetics. The culture medium and biotransformation conditions were optimized. At a 6 h time interval of eugenol fed-batch strategy, 3.76 ± 0.22 g/L coniferyl aldehyde was obtained, with the corresponding yield of 57.3%. CONCLUSIONS: This work improves the yield of coniferyl aldehyde with a biotechnological approach. Moreover, the fed-batch strategy offers possibility for controlling the target product and accumulating different metabolites
Subject(s)
Acrolein/analogs & derivatives , Eugenol/metabolism , Biotransformation , Gibberella/metabolism , Biodegradation, Environmental , Acrolein/metabolism , Biotechnology , Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid , Renewable Resources , Batch Cell Culture TechniquesABSTRACT
In the course of the training of clinical specialty degree graduate education and standard-ized training of residents(referred to as"temporary residence"),students are required to obtain"four certifi-cates" in 3 years". Here, our department of Neurology reviewed residents who were trained by this training mode. Their ability of clinical neurological profession, clinical thinking and clinical research was with effective promotion through"one to one"teaching method,the tutor-responsibility system,PBL teaching and literature-reading meeting. The objective is to get the best effect in 3 years, to explore a more suitable training mode for these residents and train high-level clinicians with applied and academic types.
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Objective To investigate the effects of subthalamic nucleus (STN)-deep brain stimulation (DBS) on expression of dopamine and adenosine 3'5'-monophosphate-regulated phosphor-protein(DARPP-32) and its phosphorylated proteins in corpus striatum of rat models with levodopa-induced dyskinesia. Methods The rat models of levodopa-induced dyskinesia were set up and were given STN-DBS (stimulation group). The expression of DARPP-32 and its phosphorylated proteins in corpus striatum (damage side and normal side) were detected and compared with sham-stimulation group and sham-operation group. Results There was no significant difference in the expression of DARPP-32 total protein in corpus striatum of rats with dyskinesia among three groups (P>0.05). The expression of Phosphor-Thr34-DARPP-32 protein in the damage side of corpus striatum in stimulation group was significantly lower than that in sham-stimulation group and sham-operation group (P<0.05), while the expression of Phosphor-Thr75-DARPP-32 protein in the damage side of corpus striatum in stimulation group was significantly higher than that in sham-stimulation group and sham-operation group (P<0.05). Conclusion DARPP-32 and its phosphorylated proteins play an important role in the pathogenesis of levodopa-induced dyskinesia.
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Objective To ohaerve the behavior of PD rat models treated with different dosages of levodopa and analyze the relation- ship between levodopa - induced dyskinesia (LID) and dosage of levedopa. Method The successful PD rat models were set up by 6-OHDA injection into right MFB. Two groups were divided according to the different treatment dosages of levodopa, which were given through perito- neal injection twice a day for 21days. One group was given for 10 mg/kg body weight, the other for 50 mg/ kg body weight. The score of AIM and rotational behavior were observed. Results Among altogether 28 female SD rats, 22 were chosen as the successful PD models and the successful rate arrived at 78. 57%. LID could be induced in both groups, but there were great differences in occurrence and duration time of AIM, AIM score, pharmacodynamic action time, and rotational behavior between these two groups( P<0.05). Conclusions The be- havior of LID has great relationship with the given dosage of levodopa.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the expression and significance of RECK gene and MMP-9 in prostate cell strains such as BPH-1, DU45, LNCaP and PC-3.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The expression of mRNA of RECK and MMP-9 was measured by RT-PCR and RECK protein was evaluated by Western blot.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The mRNA level of the RECK gene in the prostate carcinoma cell strains, such as DU45, LNCaP and PC-3, was lower than that in the benign prostate hyperplasia cell line BPH-1, while MMP-9 had a higher expression. The protein level of RECK in DU-45, LNCaP and PC-3 was lower than that in the BPH-1.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The RECK gene is supposed to be a kind of tumor suppressor gene, which may act by inhibiting the activity of MMP-9.</p>